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Cancer Prevention

Journal Article
Too Good to Be True? Evaluation of Colonoscopy Sensitivity Assumptions Used in Policy Models
This paper examines the validity of the CRC-SPIN model and colonoscopy sensitivity assumptions. We find that colonoscopy may be less accurate than currently assumed, especially for diminutive adenomas.
Aug 17, 2022
Journal Article
Black and White Differences in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Screening Outcomes: A Narrative Review
Higher rates of colorectal cancer incidence among black patients are primarily driven by lower rates of colorectal cancer screening. Our findings highlight the need to increase black patients' access to quality screening to reduce colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.
May 27, 2021
Journal Article
Physician Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations Following Guideline Changes: Results of a National Survey
Physicians' recommendations for when to start and end breast cancer screening vary, depending on their level of trust with the guideline-issuing organization.
May 23, 2017
Journal Article
Radiologists' Interpretive Skills in Screening Vs. Diagnostic Mammography: Are They Related?
There is a statistically significant, but weak to moderate correlation, between radiologists' interpretive performance in screen mammography and their interpretive performance in diagnostic mammography.
Aug 24, 2016
Journal Article
Diagnostic Value of Systematic Biopsy Methods in the Investigation of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Comparison of cancer detection rates and complications of different extended prostate biopsy schemes (greater than 6 cores) proposed for diagnostic evaluation in men scheduled for biopsy to identify the optimal scheme.
Jul 26, 2016
Journal Article
Developing a Global Cancer Stigma Index
The cancer stigma index can be used to inform initial cancer education efforts, identifying overall stigma levels in a country or community and particular issue areas requiring intervention.
Jul 1, 2014
Project
Estimating the Economic Returns on Cancer Research in the UK
The UK government invests approximately £1.6 billion in medical research each year, and the British public donated £1.7 billion to medical research charities in 2012–13. This funding delivers health gains for patients and also benefits the UK economy at a 40 percent return annually.
Jun 16, 2014
Journal Article
Benefits of Slowing the Aging Process
Most medical research focuses on fighting individual disease. But delayed aging could boost life expectancy by more than two years and yield more than $7 trillion over 50 years. Greater investment in research to delay aging could be a very efficient way to prevent disease, improve public health, and extend healthy life.
Oct 1, 2013
Journal Article
Validity of Race, Ethnicity, and National Origin in Population-Based Cancer Registries and Rapid Case Ascertainment Enhanced with a Spanish Surname List
Accurate information regarding race, ethnicity, and national origins is critical for identifying disparities in the cancer burden.
Jan 1, 2013
News Release
Cancer Disparities Between D.C. Blacks and Whites Greater Than Those Nationwide
Across the United States in 2009, overall cancer incidence was 4 percent higher among blacks than among whites. The disparity was more striking in Washington, D.C., where the overall cancer incidence among black residents was 54 percent higher than the incidence among white residents.
Oct 22, 2012
Blog
Understanding the Roots of Dramatic Black-White Cancer Disparities in the Nation's Capital
The burden of cancer is not experienced equally across the population: Nationwide, black Americans have higher rates of death from cancer than white Americans, and nowhere has this disparity been more apparent than in the nation's capital, writes Rebecca Anhang Price.
Oct 22, 2012
Report
Cancer Disparities Between D.C. Blacks and Whites Greater Than Those Nationwide
Across the United States in 2009, overall cancer incidence was 4 percent higher among blacks than among whites. The disparity was more striking in Washington, D.C., where the overall cancer incidence among black residents was 54 percent higher than the incidence among white residents.
Sep 6, 2012
Journal Article
Are United States and Canadian Cancer Screening Rates Consistent with Guideline Information Regarding the Age of Screening Initiation?
US and Canadian differences in cancer screening due to each country's guidelines can potentially explain cross-country differences in breast cancer mortality and affect interpretation of international comparisons of cancer statistics.
Sep 1, 2011
Report
Resource-Constrained Spatial Hot Spot Identification
Describes a methodology for identifying areas where problem events are more pronounced and directing resources toward those areas.
May 11, 2011
Journal Article
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a Low-Fat Diet in the Prevention of Breast and Ovarian Cancer
A low fat diet may be a cost-effective strategy for preventing breast and ovarian cancers.
Jan 1, 2011
Journal Article
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake Among 9- to 17-Year-Old Girls: National Health Interview Survey, 2008
Less than one quarter of girls aged 9-17 years had initiated HPV vaccination by the end of 2008. Efforts to increase uptake should encourage providers to educate parents and promote access to reduced-cost vaccines.
Jan 1, 2011
Journal Article
Cultural Values and Secondary Prevention of Breast Cancer in African American Women
This study adds to the evidence that cultural constructs are associated with secondary prevention of breast cancer.
Jan 1, 2008
Journal Article
Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Discussion of Cancer Screening: "Between-" versus "Within-" Physician Differences
The authors use data from the baseline patient and physician surveys of two community trials from the CMC research series.
Jun 1, 2007
News Release
RAND Study Finds No Link Between Consuming Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Lower Incidence of Cancer
Consuming food or dietary supplements such as fish oil that contain omega-3 fatty acids provides no protection against developing cancer.
Jan 24, 2006
Journal Article
Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review
Omega-3 fatty acids are purported to reduce the risk of cancer. Studies have reported mixed results.
Jan 1, 2006

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Researcher Spotlight

Ashlyn Tom

Policy Analyst

Ashlyn Tom is a policy analyst at the RAND Corporation. She has dedicated her career to conducting research aimed at improving the delivery of health care. She currently supports and manages several projects assessing health care performance, evaluating physician incentives, and promoting health…
Ariella Korn

Associate Policy Researcher

Ariella Korn (she/her) is an associate policy researcher at the RAND Corporation. Her research aims to advance health equity by enhancing the reach and uptake of evidence-based practices, programs, and policies while incorporating a holistic view of context. Korn has expertise in social drivers…

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