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Twenty Years of HIV Research at RAND
RAND has been in the vanguard of HIV research since the virus emerged on the national scene in the mid-1980s. Since then, as policy and clinical issues have evolved, RAND has adapted its focus and methods to address new challenges.
Dec 1, 2016
Essay
Improving HIV and Mental Health Care in Uganda
A small team of RAND researchers has spent years working with local clinics in Uganda to help people not just survive HIV, but learn to live with it, and even thrive.
Jan 5, 2017

Explore HIV Treatment

Journal Article
Unmet Social Needs Are Associated with Lower Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Medication Among a Sample of Black People Living with HIV (PLHIV)
This study examined the prevalence and typology of unmet needs and the association between unmet needs and HIV antiretroviral therapy medication adherence among a sample of Black people living with HIV in Los Angeles, CA.
May 24, 2023
Blog
RAND Turns 75: A Look Through the Decades At World-Changing Research
From anticipating the Space Age in the 1940s to studying gun policy and COVID-19 responses in the 2020s, RAND is celebrating 75 years of research that has made a difference.
May 8, 2023
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial of Rise, A Community-Based Culturally Congruent Counseling Intervention to Support Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Black/African American Adults Living with HIV
We conducted a randomized controlled trial of Rise, a community-based culturally congruent adherence intervention, from January 2018 to December 2021 with 166 Black adults living with HIV in Los Angeles.
Jan 25, 2023
Journal Article
Optimizing Uptake of Long-Acting Injectable Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention for Men Who Have Sex with Men
We conducted a discrete choice experiment on preferences for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.
Jan 25, 2023
Journal Article
Food Insecurity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study from a Cohort of HIV Clients in Uganda
The paper utilized a longitudinal mixed-methods approach to evaluate the economic impact of COVID-19 on food security and ART-taking behaviors among people living with HIV in Kampala, Uganda.
Jan 19, 2023
Journal Article
Incentives and Reminders to Improve Long-term Medication Adherence (INMIND): Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
This study aims to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a novel intervention that uses SMS text messages and conditional incentives to support ART initiators in establishing pill-taking habits.
Nov 22, 2022
Dissertation
Three Essays on HIV Investments in Sub-Saharan Africa
Examines the HIV-related health decisions and investments that are made by people living with HIV as well as the institutions that serve them, and it assesses their indirect effects.
Sep 6, 2022
Dissertation
Assessing Program Sustainability for Public Health in Low-Resource Setting
Explores program sustainability for public health in low- and middle-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Aug 12, 2022
Journal Article
Implementation of South Africa's Central Chronic Medicine Dispensing and Distribution Program for HIV Treatment: A Qualitative Evaluation
Participants had highly favorable attitudes about the Chronic Care and Medicine Dispensing and Distribution (CCMDD) program for HIV treatment. Patient-level barriers to care included inadequate education about CCMDD and inability to get refills. Organizational-level barriers included challenges with communication and transportation, errors in medication packaging and tracking, rigid rules, and inadequate infrastructure.
Jun 23, 2022
Journal Article
Perceived Discrimination, Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy, and HIV Care Engagement Among HIV-positive Black Adults: The Mediating Role of Medical Mistrust
Perceived discrimination and mistrust have indirect negative effects on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive Black adults.
Mar 31, 2022
Journal Article
Examination of Mediators and Moderators to Understand How and in What Context Game Changers Increases HIV Prevention Advocacy Among Persons Living With HIV in Uganda
These findings highlight the importance of helping PLWH cope with self-stigma and gain comfort with disclosure, as well as the potential influence of network support, trustworthiness, connectedness, and stigmatization on engagement in prevention advocacy.
Apr 28, 2021
Q&A
Medical Mistrust Could Reduce Vaccine Uptake: Q&A with Laura Bogart
Laura Bogart, a senior behavioral scientist, studies how discrimination feeds medical mistrust and conspiracy beliefs. Her research on how mistrust became a barrier to treatment for Black Americans during the HIV epidemic sheds light on why some might question the safety of a COVID-19 vaccine.
Dec 23, 2020
Journal Article
Delayed Treatment for People Living with HIV in China, 2004–2016: An Analysis of An Observational Cohort
This study analyzed the late testing and lag time between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral treatment from 2004 to 2016 and identified the risk factors for delayed initiation of ART.
Nov 12, 2020
Journal Article
Changes in ART Adherence Relate to Changes in Depression as Well! Evidence for the Bi-directional Longitudinal Relationship Between Depression and ART Adherence from a Prospective Study of HIV Clients in Uganda
While other research has examined and supported the influence of depression on ART adherence, our data support the reciprocal relationship: that non-adherence and changes in adherence are associated with levels and changes in depression.
May 12, 2020
Report
Identifying Safety-Net Resources at Health Centers to Prevent Infectious Disease Transmission Resulting from the Opioid Epidemic
This study highlights factors that affect Community Health Centers' ability to reduce infectious disease transmission related to the opioid epidemic.
Jun 18, 2019
Journal Article
"How Am I Going to Live?": Exploring Barriers to ART Adherence Among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV in Uganda
Our results highlight special needs for future public health programs and policies meant to address barriers to ART adherence among older adolescents.
Oct 16, 2018
Journal Article
Mass Incarceration and the Impact of Prison Release on HIV Diagnoses in the US South
In the US South, prison release is significantly associated with HIV incidence; prison release is also a critical period during which inmates living with HIV must be linked with community-based care and treatment.
Aug 28, 2018
Journal Article
Exploring Treatment Needs and Expectations for People Living with HIV in South Africa: A Qualitative Study
Socio-behavioral interventions to address multi-level barriers to ART initiation may benefit from the inclusion of trained HIV-positive peers.
May 18, 2018
Journal Article
Utilization of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Services Among Pregnant Women in HIV Care in Uganda: A 24-Month Cohort of Women from Pre-Conception to Post-Delivery
Improved provider-client communication could enhance post-birth care and prevention of mother-to-child transmission among HIV infected women in care.
May 3, 2018
Journal Article
Stigma Gets in My Way: Factors Affecting Client-Provider Communication Regarding Childbearing Among People Living with HIV in Uganda
Among Ugandan HIV clients and health care providers, communication about childbearing needs is poor and associated with stigma.
Apr 10, 2018

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