Research Brief
Sexual Harassment and Sexual Assault in Military Settings
Jan 9, 2023
RAND researchers conducted three evidence reviews focused on sexual assault and sexual harassment in adults. The first review focuses on psychotherapy interventions for victims in military settings, the second focuses on barriers and facilitators to accessing care, and the third focuses on associations between victims and three mental health conditions: posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and substance use disorders.
Systematic and Scoping Reviews to Inform Improved Care for Military Populations
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Victims of sexual assault and sexual harassment often experience a variety of psychological outcomes and mental health symptoms related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, substance abuse, suicidal ideation, and self-harm. Sexual trauma also might affect careers. Despite a need to address these harms, some service members have reported that connecting to health care or mental health services following sexual assault or sexual harassment can be difficult—in part because of a lack of leadership support. Given these persistent challenges, the Psychological Health Center of Excellence identified an urgent need to better understand research that is pertinent to sexual assault and sexual harassment during military service so that the U.S. Department of Defense and the military services can improve the health care response for service members. RAND researchers investigated and synthesized relevant research in three topic areas: (1) the effectiveness of psychotherapy treatments designed for adult victims of sexual assault or sexual harassment in military settings; (2) barriers faced by U.S. military members to accessing and remaining in mental health care settings; and (3) associations between sexual assault or sexual harassment and mental health conditions.
Chapter One
Introduction
Chapter Two
Methodology
Chapter Three
Results
Chapter Four
Discussion
Appendix A
Search Strategies
Appendix B
Evidence Tables
This research was sponsored by PHCoE and conducted within the Forces and Resources Policy Center of the RAND National Security Research Division (NSRD).
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